ABSTRACT
The present study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of manual and powered toothbrushes in 70 patients between 19 and 44 years of age who reported with mild gingivitis to AFID. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of 35 each. Group A patients were selected for electronic powered tooth brushes, while group B patients were selected for manual brushes. At baseline, after one and 3 months, plaque was rated using Silness-Loe plaque index. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 12. Both brushes significantly reduced the plaque accumulation, though to different degrees. A lower plaque score [score 0 and 1] was obtained at three months in 88.5% patients using powered brushing and in 77.1% patients using manual brushing. Powered brushing showed lower plaque score in 11.4% more patients than the manual brushing after three months of follow up
ABSTRACT
drsaqii1711@hotmail.com To describe the pattern of Urodynamic evaluation at Armed Forces Institute of Rehab Medicine, Rawalpindi. Descriptive study. This study was conducted on 466 patients reporting for urodynamic evaluation at Urodynamic/Incontinence Clinic at A F Institute of Rehab Medicine from Feb 2003 to Dec 2006. We considered the age, gender, etiology, reason for referral, and presenting complaints whereas results were formulated according to Classification of voiding disorders by International society of Incontinence. Data was analyzed using statistical package for Social Science version 10. In all [466] patients, 58% were males and 42% were females. Mean age was 46.8 years. Increased frequency [61%] and incontinence [52%] were the most common presenting complaints, 158[34%] had spinal cord injuries, 58 were cases of myelodysplasias and 128 reported with stress incontinence. Urodynamic studies showed that 152[33%] had hyperactive bladders, 110[24%] had a contractile/hypo-contractile bladders, 104[22%] had stress incontinence and 56[12%] cases had normal results. Urodynamics helps in diagnosis of potentially life threatening urinary problems. The availability of this equipment and trained staff must be encouraged at tertiary care hospital. More research is required in this regard in Pakistan, which shall help in formulating better management protocols in future